THREE RIVERS
Length
31.4
Length 31.4 km
Time needed
02:00
Time needed 02:00
Največja strmina vzpona[%]
6
Greatest slope of the ascent: 6 %
Greatest slope of the descent: 3 %
Average slope of the ascent: 1 %
Length of ascents above 5%: 0.40 km
The lowest point of the route: 284 m
The highest point of the route: 259 m
Difference in altitude: 173 m
Poraba kalorij
4070
Consumption of energy for men: 4070 kJ (972 kcal)
Consumption of energy for women: 3316 kJ (792 kcal)
Difficulty
Difficulty: Medium demanding
Quality of the surface
Quality of the surface: Mixture
Type of bike: Trek bike
Short description

A flat route around the confluence of the Sava, the Ljubljanica and the Kamniška Bistrica rivers, where the waterside, meadows, fields and urban areas take turns, guides you to the undiscovered spots by the three rivers. The route takes you along both banks of the Sava River in the heart of the confluence of the three rivers and makes a pleasant turn to the Ljubljanica River and meadows under Debni vrh Hill. Thus, you get to know the features of the lazy Ljubljanica, vivacious Bistrica and the abundant Sava rivers from close up.
The route partly runs across field paths and cart tracks; it is only suitable in dry weather. For cycling on field paths across meadows on the left bank of the Sava River between Laze and Beričevo, you need good sense of orientation.

Course

Podgrad – Gradovlje – most čez Savo pri Lazah – poljske poti ob Savi in Kamniški Bistrici – Beričevo – Brinje – Šentjakob – Cesta v Prod – Zalog – Sp. Kašelj – Podgorje – Podgrad

Podgrad
Life by the rivers used to be different, more dynamic. The confluence of three Carniolan rivers – the Sava, the Ljubljanica and the Kamniška Bistrica – certainly has a strong symbolic meaning in our history which can also be felt on your route. The starting point is at the Pri Peclju Inn , at the beginning of Podgrad where the roadside car park is situated. Cycle along the railway and the Sava River towards Laze. Already at the beginning of the route, there's an exit for Podgrad and the valley of the Besnica Stream behind the Pri Peclju Inn. The fruit road between Javor and Janče starts there, as well as the Ostrovrhar Route around Podgrad. Podgrad was the home of Ostrovrhar knights who built a castle there the ruins of which are still visible today. At the junction with the road towards Podgrad , you have to be careful since the road that comes from under the railway has priority and is unfortunately poorly visible. On the road to Laze, pleasant shade of the trees covers you from the right bank of the Sava River and a train greets you on the right from time to time.

Confluence - part one
You soon arrive to large power lines which mark the confluence of the three rivers – the Sava, the Ljubljanica and the Kamniška Bistrica. A bit further on, on the left side of the road, a pleasant view point and an information board with details about the confluence are located. In the past, the confluence linked even four rivers somewhat upstream, as the confluence of three rivers used to be situated at the spot where the Besnica Stream flows into the valley. However, the confluence of the three rivers was moved downwards in the 18th century to improve navigability. The confluence occupies a larger area since it depends on the level of the water when the confluence of all three rivers is at the same spot (at high water) and when the confluence of the Sava and the Ljubljanica rivers is much lower.

Laze and the railway that no longer exists...
Continue past the hamlets of Gradovlje and Gostinca, both named after the streams that flow from the valleys in the hinterland. In Gradovlje, houses that belong to Podgrad have signs with their common names and a red-white flag to commemorate the Ostrovrhar knights. In Laze turn left onto the bridge and cross the Sava River , . The bridge is situated at the spot where Germans, who occupied this territory during the Second World War, built a railway to avoid the complications when crossing the Italian border in Šentvid. The railway ran along the route Vižmarje–Črnuče–Laze . A soon as the war ended, it was abandoned and demolished; however, the retaining walls across the Mlinščica Stream nearby (approximately 200 meters in a straight line from the bridge over the Sava River) still remind you of it.

Landscape by the Sava River
Immediately after the bridge turn left on the macadam cart track , which runs through the meadows and fields along the Sava River , . You would need some sense of orientation for the ride through the fields (you can partly orientate according to the newly built power line). After approximately 900 meters, you have to turn right at the junction and distance yourself from the Sava River. Along a winding road set under the power line, you come to the edge of the forest and to extensive vegetation by the Mlinščica Stream which cannot be seen because of the dense greenery. Follow the curve of the forest edge between the trees along the cart track, and stick to the left at the junction so return to the Sava River where you cross the power line again. When the road again runs parallel to the Sava River, a larger cart track joins from the left at a sharp angle. Turn onto it and you will come to the Sava River after approximately 400 meters.

Confluence - part two
Along the Sava River, you can find a beautiful gravel beach suitable for a relaxed rest and looking around. You are at the top of the confluence of the Sava and the Ljubljanica rivers , which formed a peninsula from the gravel deposits as if they do not want to be joined together. At high water, a part of the peninsula is flooded, forming an island in the middle of the joint riverbed. The mouth of the Kamniška Bistrica River is moved much higher, making it almost invisible from this spot. Continue up the Sava River and turn left at the junction after approximately 300 meters, closer to the Sava River. Once you arrive to the two power lines (you've already crossed them at the beginning of the route) , look through the dense vegetation towards the Sava River and you will see the confluence of the Kamniška Bistrica and the Ljubljanica rivers in the background. The route continues in a curve along the cart track. Approach the power lines again and make a sharp left turn towards the Kamniška Bistrica River, which is not visible because of the dense vegetation and flood barrier. Only high trees indicate its riverbed. You arrive to the asphalt road along the Kamniška Bistrica River , and then turn left towards Beričevo.

Beričevo and Brinje
Continue along the road through Beričevo and Brinje towards Šentjakob. The local farms have long been engaged in vegetable cultivation and production of the food which has been sold at Ljubljana's market. The old pilgrimage Church of the Holy Cross with an information board is located in Baričevo. What is more, the 'culprit' for the multitude of power lines along the route shyly hides behind the houses on the northern side of the settlement – the Beričevo transformer station which is the main power line junction in Slovenia and the main transfer point for power supply of Ljubljana and its surroundings. The residents of Brinje are proud of our most successful cross-country skier Petra Majdič. Moreover, the Reactor Centre of the Jožef Stefan Institute is located nearby. While you approach Šentjakob, cross the motorway and turn left at the junction to the main road towards Ljubljana. If you need to eat something, you can turn right and visit one of the inns in the nearby Šentjakob. Cross the Sava River once again on the main road towards Ljubljana, and turn left at the junction with traffic lights under the motorway. Go straight towards Zalog and the Ljubljana Central Waste-water Treatment Plant at the next junction with traffic lights. Due to dense traffic, this is the most unpleasant part of the route, so you have to be very careful.

Confluence - part three
Cesta v Prod Road is wide and empty so you can slightly increase your speed and quickly arrive to the last right turn before the Central treatment plant in Zalog. There turn on the cart track across fields and meadows to the macadam road which comes from the treatment plant on your right. If this road is not passable due to bad weather, avoid it by cycling to the treatment plant and turning left to the macadam road. Continue towards the Sava River along the macadam road until you arrive on the field path , set right by the Sava River . You have to be careful at the last part of the route since the steep banks of the Sava River frequently crumble. At the confluence , a view of gravel alluvia and peninsula/island , which you observed from the beach on the left bank of the Sava River at your second meeting with confluence, opens in front of us. You can see the mouth of the Kamniška Bistrica River behind on your left. The confluence can be reached at the low water level from the peninsula which is quite busy during the time of summer picnics. Return along the same route that brought you to the treatment plant in Zalog – its industrial appearance can be seen from afar. Many industrial and infrastructural facilities are situated in Zalog.

Ljubljana Central Waste-Water Treatment Plant in Zalog
The macadam road is leading along the fence of the treatment plant and past the entrance where the facilities for the treatment of sewage sludge and gas tanks can be seen. Other facilities are lower and far from the entrance. When arriving to the first houses in Zalog along the macadam road, turn left on the asphalted Cesta v Zeleni Gaj Road and again left after 50 metres on the macadam road [T16 in order to keep to the perimeter of the treatment plant. There is a nice view of the New Castle above Podgrad from the hill behind . From the treatment plant, turn right towards the Ljubljanica River , on asphalted Pot na Labar Road and wind your way through the residential area to Zaloška Road. When crossing Zaloška Road, you have to be very careful since there is no pedestrian crossing. Then turn left towards the Ljubljanica River followed by a right turn to Vaška pot Road after 50 meters. Cycle through the railway underpass and turn right towards (consider the dead end sign) Kašeljska Road 150 meters after the underpass.

Spodnji Kašelj
Continue along Kašeljska Road through Spodnji Kašelj (which used to be known for cabbage and its export) with the Church of St Andrew on the left side and then turn left to Mazovčeva pot Road leading across the bridge over the Ljubljanica River.

Between the Ljubljanica River and the hills in the background
Look at one of the most unspoilt parts of the Ljubljanica River from the bridge ; sometimes you can even spot one of the waterside locals . Immediately after crossing the bridge, turn left on the macadam road . Take the right again after 50 meters and continue along the winding road across the floodplains and meadows along the Ljubljanica River . Approach the hills in the background, the highest being Debni vrh Hill (530 m) with a beautiful viewing tower near old Ostrovrhar Castle. You come to the pond below Debni vrh which is exemplarily maintained by Vevče fishing family. Here you will certainly meet an aspiring fisherman catching carps. The steeper of the two starting points for the access to Debni Vrh, which lie immediately by the route, is located near the pond; the other one is on Cesta v Kresnice Road, just after the bridge over the Ljubljanica River at the end of Zalog. A little further away from the pond, you arrive to the calm oxbow of the Ljubljanica River, with a narrow footbridge leading to a small island . In the water, you can see rich and colourful marsh vegetation and various timid water animals . Further along the meander, you get closer to the Ljubljanica River , ; the macadam road becomes asphalted and leads you to Vevče Fishermen's Hut (Dom vevških ribičev) where you can find some refreshments. From the fishermen's hut, cycle along the road leading under the railway, where a port used to be located on the left bank of the Ljubljanica River to Cesta v Kresnice Road. Here turn right towards Podgrad to the last section of the route. Because of the narrow railway underpass and immediate ascent onto the level of Cesta v Kresnice Road , you have to be very careful. On the right side of the main road, you soon see a car park and the railway underpass which leads to the Old Castle on Debni vrh (where the abovementioned second access is located). Then press on the pedals for the last time and you'll soon find yourself at the starting point – in front of the Pri Peclju Inn. If you have not eaten along the way, you have time and the opportunity to do so now – at the end of the trip.

Confluence of the Sava, the Ljubljanica and the Kamniška Bistrica rivers , , , , , ,
The confluence of the three rivers is one of the last preserved major gravel bars on the Sava River and represents an important spawning area for huchen on the European scale as well. In addition, the section of the Sava River down the confluence used to be an elite fishing district. Centuries ago, the confluence was much larger because the Sava River ran in several branched meanders. After the regulation for better navigability, the riverbeds got more or less their present form.

Navigation on the Sava and the Ljubljanica rivers
River transport used to be exceptionally important due to its large capacity and low transportation costs. Smaller and larger ships ran up the Sava River and continued along the Ljubljanica River after Podgrad. At the confluence with the port in Zalog (on the left bank of the Ljubljanica River, near the railway bridge) , where the waterway of the Sava River ended, one of the most important ports in Slovenia was located in the first half of the 19th century. The waterway down the Sava River was arranged all the way to Sisak and further (the voyage to Sisak took two weeks). The waterway of the Ljubljanica River supplied Ljubljana, Trieste and other coastal cities. Towing of ships upstream was time-consuming and very strenuous. In the beginning, the convicts were used for towing of ships, later strong workers. They walked on the road along the right bank and dragged boats with long ropes. In the middle of the 19th century, they were replaced by ox yokes. Direction was controlled by long poles which pushed the ship away from the bank. The arrival of the railway in 1849 caused the decline of river transport on the Sava River and the river workers became railroad workers. The last ship was dragged to Zalog in 1865. Later, only individual ferries for transportation of passengers and cargo over the river remained in use.

Podgrad
Podgrad is a small settlement at the mouth of the Besnica Stream which has a rich history due to its strategic location at the confluence. The area between the Sava River and surrounding hills has been inhabited already in the Roman times; in addition, a Roman fort, protecting the waterways of the Sava and the Ljubljanica rivers, was situated at the confluence. In the Middle Ages, the place was named Osterberg (Ostri vrh) after the castle above it. Historians believe that it was built around 1150 and that it changed many owners. At the beginning, only an old castle stood there which was later abandoned and is in ruins today. Before the demolition of the old castle (in the 18th century), the New Castle , which is still in good condition, was built above the village. It is also named Kansky Villa – after the pre-war owners of the Arbo chemical factory nearby. At the end of the Middle Ages, the Ostrovrhar knights participated in struggle against the Turks. The last one of them, Jurij Gallenberg (from St. Gallen in Switzerland) was killed in 1562 during a battle near the Bihać fort. Since he had no descendants, their family died out and the castle was abandoned. The Ostrovrhar knights have become national heroes; they appear in various stories and poems. The most famous one was Prešern's Ostrovrhar, a never-to-be groom of Rosamund of Turjak. The locals continue the tradition of managing Ostrovrhar Route and its annual hike. What is more, every house in Podgrad has, in addition to a house number, a sign with the old name of the house and a red-white flag of the Ostrovrhar knights . Due to the water flow of the Besnica Stream and the railway nearby, one of the first chemical factories in Slovenia was opened in Podgrad in 1860 – the Osterberg oil factory.

Vižmarje–Črnuče–Laze Railway line ,
The former northern Ljubljana rail bypass operated in the time of German occupation between 1942 and 1945. When the Axis powers occupied Yugoslavia during the Second World War, a larger part of Ljubljana was appointed to Italy and its northern outskirts to the Third Reich. This meant that the tracks from Jesenice, Kamnik and Zidani Most which mostly ran along the territory under German occupation were joined in Ljubljana, which was occupied by the Italians. In spite of the agreement on railway traffic crossing the borders in Bohinjska Bistrica, Vižmarje and Črnuče, that the occupying forces signed, the Germans for fear of long-lasting Italian customs procedures decided to connect "their" sections of these tracks with the so-called Detour Rail. At the same time, they connected the northern outskirts of Ljubljana with roads (a part of this bypass is today known as busy German Road). The traffic on the rail was stopped after the war. The rail was removed and railway tracks were used for example for the construction of the railway line Brčko–Banovići in Bosnia. The remains of the dyke and the bridge over the Mlinščica Stream are still visible today from the bridge over the Sava River in Laze.

Ljubljana Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Zalog
The first design of collection and treatment of wastewater in Ljubljana anticipated the construction of the treatment plant in Kodeljevo. With the urbanisation of the city, the location moved downstream – firstly, to the area of Fužine and, finally, to Zalog near the confluence of the Ljubljanica and the Sava rivers. The treatment plant was built in several phases: the mechanical treatment level was built in 1991 and the mechanical-biological treatment plant started operating in 2005. The treatment plant will need to be upgraded with a tertiary phase – for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus – and the capacity will need to be upgraded from the current 360,000 units to over 500,000 units.

Pri Peclju Inn in Podgrad
The inn is mainly known for its large outdoor area where gourmets, recreation lovers and children, for which several playgrounds are provided, can enjoy themselves.

Pri Lazarju Tourist Farm in Podgrad
The tourist farm above Podgrad is one of the posts on Ostrovrhar Route. It offers a splendid view of the confluence and the entire northern part of the Ljubljana Basin. You can access the farm through Podgrad; the route rises for over 100 meters. At the Pri Lazarju Tourist Farm you can enjoy home-made food and rich cultural programme.

Pr' Krač Tourist Farm in Dolsko
After crossing the Sava River in Laze, you can make a small detour and cycle to the Pr' Krač Tourist Farm in Dolsko, 600 meters away. The homestead is 300 years old and is a cultural monument of national importance. It is also included in the European project Houses of Tradition.

Katrca Klub Bar in Beričevo
Day bar in the centre of Beričevo.

Pečnikar Inn in Šentjakob
In Šentjakob (if you make a small detour off the route) you can eat at the Pečnikar Inn, a classic Slovenian inn with a delicious offer of roast meat after beef soup.

Boccaccio Inn and Pizza Restaurant in Šentjakob
Inn and pizza restaurant right by the main road.

Vevče Fishermen's Hut (Dom vevških ribičev) in Zalog
Society's buffet with occasional offer of fish and roast meat.

Confluence and the areas nearby
Some areas at the confluence have been associated with Jason and the Argonauts who, according to a Greek legend, stole the Golden Fleece of a mythological winged ram and saved their lives by running away. Along the Donava and the Sava rivers, they arrived at the confluence with the Ljubljanica River and spent the winter in this area before moving on. Later, the early Roman fort post, named after the Sava River - Savus Fluvius - was established in Zalog between the Sava and the Ljubljanica rivers.

Hike along the Ostrovrhar Route
Hike along the Ostrovrhar Route takes place every year. It begins in Podgrad.

Fruit Road between Javor and Janče
In the context of the Fruit Road, annual Strawberry Sundays take place in June and Chestnut Sundays in October. In June, a hike along the Blueberry Trail takes place. On Palm Sunday, a giant bundle of Janče is erected in Janče and each church in the area organises processions with bundles.

Ostrovrhar Route
A trail, named after the Ostrovrhar knights, is a dynamic circular route which takes the hikers through the historical, natural, cultural and technical heritages of Podgrad near Ljubljana. The trail starts behind the former Arbo chemical factory where the information board is located. During the trip, you can visit the abovementioned factory, the New Castle, the ruins of the Old Castle of the Ostrovrhar knights, the millstone quarry and the Pri Lazarju Tourist Farm. The route winds through the forest in the shade of trees and takes around two hours and a half of moderate walking.